BY THE NUMBERS: THE HOLOCAUST:

Jewish Victims of the Holocaust*

Country	Minimum Loss	Maximum Loss	% of Jewish Population
Austria	50,000	50,000	27%
Belgium	28,900	28,900	44%
Bohemia and Moravia	78,150	78,150	66%
Bulgaria	0	0	0%
Denmark	60	60	0.7%
Estonia	1,500	2,000	44%
Finland	7	7	0.3%
France	77,320	77,320	22%
Germany	134,500	141,500	25%
Greece	60,000	67,000	86%
Hungary	550,000	569,000	69%
Italy	7,680	7,680	17%
Latvia	70,000	71,500	78%
Lithuania	140,000	143,000	85%
Luxembourg	1,950	1,950	56%
Netherlands	100,000	100,000	71%
Norway	762	762	45%
Poland	2,900,000	3,000,000	90%
Romania	271,000	287,000	47%
Slovakia	68,000	71,000	80%
Soviet Union	1,000,000	1,100,000	36%
Yugoslavia	56,200	63,300	81%

*As many as five million non-Jews—people seen as enemies of the Third Reich—were also killed in the Holocaust, including Communists, Roma, Serbs, Polish intelligentsia, political opponents, resistance fighters, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and the physically and mentally disabled.

Definitions

Concentration Camps: Facilities established by the Nazis where civilians (mostly Jews), political prisoners, and sometimes prisoners of war were confined, typically under harsh conditions. The concentration camp system was organized and run by the SS, under the leadership of Heinrich Himmler. Most concentration camps functioned as slave labor camps, where the inmates were forced to work to support the Nazi war effort.
Extermination Camps: Facilities established for the large-scale, industrial murder mostly of European Jews. All of the Nazi’s extermination camps were located in Poland.
Nacht und Nebel Camps: The Nazis’ Nacht und Nebel (Night and Fog) campaign resulted in the kidnapping and disappearance of political enemies of the state. These prisoners were not allowed any contact with family, so no one would ever know what happened to them.
Transit Camps: Facilities where prisoners were gathered and detained prior to being deported to concentration camps or extermination camps.

Extermination Camps

Name	Country	Number of Deaths
Auschwitz-Birkenau	Poland	Over 1,000,000
Belzec	Poland	435,000
Chelmno	Poland	150,000
Majdanek	Poland	78,000
Sobibor	Poland	200,000
Treblinka	Poland	870,000

Major Concentration Camps

Name	Country	Description
Dachau	Germany	Labor Camp—200,000 held; 32,000 deaths; the first German concentration camp, established in 1933, soon after Hitler’s rise to power
Buchenwald	Germany	Labor Camp—250,000 held; 56,000 deaths; the largest concentration camp in Germany
Mauthausen	Austria	Labor Camp—195,000 held; 95,000 deaths; included more than 50 sub-camps
Bergen-Belsen	Germany	Collection Point—70,000 deaths
Flossenberg	Germany	Labor Camp—100,000 held; 30,000 deaths
Dora-Mittelbau	Germany	Labor Camp—60,000 held; 20,000 deaths; provided slave labor for German V-2 rocket production
Gross-Rosen	Germany (Poland today)	Labor Camp and Nacht und Nebel Camp—125,000 held; 40,000 deaths; included up to 60 sub-camps
Ravensbrueck	Germany	Labor Camp for Women—150,000 held; 90,000 deaths
Westerbork	Netherlands	Transit Camp—102,000 Dutch Jews deported to extermination camps
Sachsenhausen	Germany	Labor Camp—200,000 held; 100,000 deaths
Plaszow	Poland	Labor Camp—150,000 held; 9,000 deaths; it was from here that German industrialist Oscar Schindler saved 1,200 Jews
Drancy	France	Transit camp—70,000 French Jews deported to extermination camps
Theresienstadt	Germany (Czech Republic today)	Transit Camp and Ghetto—140,000 held; 35,000 deaths
Stutthof	Poland	Labor Camp—110,000 held; 65,000 deaths; first concentration camp built by Germans outside Germany
Neuengamme	Germany	Labor Camp—106,000 held; 43,000 deaths
Natzweiler-Struthof	France	Labor Camp; Nacht und Nebel Camp—40,000 held; 25,000 deaths; the only German-built concentration camp in France (Vichy France controlled others)
Jasenovac	Yugoslavia (Croatia today)	Concentration and Extermination Camp—100,000 held; 100,000 deaths

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EDUCATION PROJECTS:

Student Travel – WWII Educational Tours
High school and college students, learn the leadership principles that helped win WWII on a trip to France or during a weeklong residential program in New Orleans. College credit is available, and space is limited.

See You Next Year! HS Yearbooks from WWII
Collected from across the United States, the words and pictures of these yearbooks present a new opportunity to experience the many challenges, setbacks and triumphs of the war through the eyes of America’s youth.

The Victory Gardens of WWII
Visit the Classroom Victory Garden Project website to learn about food production during WWII, find lesson plans and activities for elementary students, get tips for starting your own garden and try out simple Victory Garden recipes!

The Science and Technology of WWII
Visit our new interactive website to learn about wartime technical and scientific advances that forever changed our world. Incorporates STEM principles to use in the classroom.

Kids Corner: Fun and Games!
Make your own propaganda posters, test your memory, solve puzzles and more! Learn about World War II and have fun at the same time.